Paneer Maram
The Indian Coral Tree (Erythrina variegata), known as "Paneer Maram" in Tamil, is a deciduous tree recognized for its vibrant red flowers and ornamental value. Native to tropical regions of India and Southeast Asia, the Indian Coral Tree is widely appreciated for its striking appearance, ecological benefits, and medicinal properties. Its name is derived from the red color of its flowers, which resemble coral.
This tree can grow up to 15–20 meters (49–66 feet) tall with a broad, spreading crown. The trunk is thick and covered with thorny bark. The tree’s trifoliate leaves are bright green, and during the flowering season, it produces dense clusters of red or orange flowers that attract birds and pollinators.
Uses
The Indian Coral Tree serves various ecological, medicinal, and cultural purposes.
- Ornamental and Shade: The Indian Coral Tree is often planted in gardens, parks, and along roadsides for its beautiful, vibrant flowers. Its dense canopy provides shade, making it a popular choice for landscaping in tropical and subtropical regions.
- Medicinal Benefits: Various parts of the tree, including the leaves, bark, and roots, are used in traditional medicine. It is known for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties and is sometimes used to treat conditions such as joint pain, respiratory issues, and wounds.
- Ecological Importance: The Indian Coral Tree is highly beneficial to the ecosystem. Its bright flowers attract pollinators like bees, butterflies, and birds, promoting biodiversity. Its leaves are also used as green manure, enriching the soil with organic nutrients.
- Wood and Timber: The wood of the Indian Coral Tree is light and is used to make small furniture items, toys, and wooden crafts. In some regions, it is also used for making musical instruments and boat components due to its buoyancy.